We found that both compounds inhibited cell growth in a dose dependent manner

The tumor tissues were fixed with formalin and embedded with paraffin for H E staining to observe the structure of different blood supply AP24534 FGFR 阻害剤 patterns and erythrocytes generated by PGCCs. Statistical analysis The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS statistical analysis software. An unpaired t test was performed to analyze the differences in the number of VM, MVs and EVs. The χ 2 test was used for the PGCCs number comparison among different grades of gliomas. A P value less than 0. 05 was considered statisti cally significance. Results Number of PGCCs associated with histologic grade of gliomas To grade all these 76 cases of glioma, new sections were cut from 76 paraffin embedded glioma samples and stained with H E and immunohistochemistry for further analysis.<br><br> AT-406 ic50 These tumors were graded by two pathologists according to the morphologic characteristics and Ki 67 IHC staining. Results of micrometer measure and morphologic observa tion showed presence of PGCCs in glioma tissues with giant or multi nuclei. The size of PGCC nucleus was three times and up to 10 20 times larger than that of the regular diploid cancer cell. The shape of PGCCs nuclei was irregular. Ki 67 IHC staining data showed that Ki 67 expressed in all the glioma tissues and the positive ratio increased with the grade of gliomas. Most of PGCCs were positive for Ki 67 staining. Based on these morphologic characteristics and Ki 67 staining, 76 cases of glioma were graded into 28 cases of low grade glioma and 48 cases of high grade.<br><br> PGCCs can be observed in all these glioma tissues, but there were more PGCCs in high grade tumors than those in low grade tumors and the difference was statistically signifi cant. Erythrocyte generation by PGCCs Zhang Akt1 阻害剤 et al. reported that PGCCs of breast cancer cell line BT 549 was able to generate erythrocytes in vitro and in vivo. To determine whether glioma PGCCs can directly generate erythrocytes, H E and anti hemoglobin B ε chain IHC staining were performed on glioma tissue sections and the results showed that there were many red bodies budding from PGCCs. These red bodies located in the cytoplasm or adhered to the surface of PGCCs. Figure 2A b showed that some red bodies located in the cytoplasm of PGCC. An interesting phenomenon indicated that some PGCCs generating erythrocytes form the wall of VM and MVs.<br><br> Figure 2A c showed that PGCCs and their generating erythrocytes can form VM structure and PGCCs lined in the basement membrane of VM. Hemoglobin B ε IHC staining confirmed that these red bodies generated by PGCCs were erythrocytes. Different patterns of blood supply in glioma tissues Different microcirculation patterns including VM, MVs and EVs appeared in glioma tissues with different grades. Figure 3A showed the different microcirculation patterns in glioma sections with H E staining. Typical EVs were made of endothelial cells and basement membrane. Some PGCCs generating erythrocytes formed the wall of MVs and VM. To further confirm the structure of different microcirculation patterns in gliomas, the sections were double stained with endothe lial cell specific marker CD31 and PAS. VM was identified by the presence of red blood cells in vessels lined by tumor cells, not by endothelial cells.